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The knee is the largest joint in the body. It is built for weight bearing, stability, and mobility. The knee complex is composed of four bones and three osseous bone-to-bone joints. These are the patella-femoral joint, tibiofemoral joint, and the tibiofibular joint.

Bone and Joint

Common conditions of these joints include:

  • Knee osteoarthritis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Tibial plateau fractures
  • Patellofemoral syndrome
  • Degenerative joint disease
  • Chondromalacia

Muscles

Common conditions of the muscles and tendon of the knee include:

  • Patella tendinitis
  • Ruptured quadriceps tendon
  • Quadriceps strain
  • hamstring strain
  • torn hamstring
  • Muscle strain
  • Gastrocnemius tear
  • Gastrocnemius strain

Ligaments and Meniscus

Common conditions for this aspect of the knee include:

  • ACL tear
  • ACL insufficiency
  • PCL tear
  • Medial meniscus tear
  • Lateral meniscus tear
  • Meniscus tear
  • Unhappy triad
  • Meniscectomy
  • ACL reconstruction
  • PCL reconstruction

Bursa

Common conditions of the bursa include:

  • Prepatellar bursitis
  • Pes anserinus bursitis
  • “Fluid on the knee”

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